Chapter 21:  Nervous System

 

1)      The ___________ enables an organism to react to stimuli.

 

a)  motor system           b)  sensory receptors    c) nodes of Ranvier

 

2)      bike : shocks, brain : _______

 

a)  cerebellum   b)  cerebrospinal fluid               c)  hypothalamus

 

3)      _________ make up half the weight of the nervous system and can divide in the adult vertebrate.

 

a)  neurotransmitters     b)  Purkinje cells           c)  glial cells

 

4)      The “messengers” that allow the presynaptic cells and postsynaptic cells to communicate are called:

 

a)  serotonin                 b)  neurotransmitters     c)  dendrites

 

5)      Biologically, a hallucination would result from:

 

a)      the disappearance of a synapse between neurons

b)      blockage of the reabsorption of the neurotransmitters from the synaptic space

c)      twisting of axons

 

6.  The left side of the human brain controls what?

            a.         The right side of the body and “concrete” facts (i.e. math)

            b.         The right side of the body and creative things (i.e. art)

            c.         The left side of the body and “concrete” facts (i.e. math)

d.                   The left side of the body and creative things (i.e. art)

 

7.  Which is not part of the PNS (peripheral nervous system)?

            a.         The somatic nervous system

            b.         The autonomic nervous system

            c.         The CNS (central nervous system)

d.                   The sympathetic nervous system

 

8.  Which is not part of the nerve impulse transmission?

            a.         Re-polarization

            b.         Endocrine system

            c.         Depolarization

d.                   Resting potential

 

9.  Which of the following sends signals to the pituitary gland?

            a.         Brain stem

            b.         Thalamus

            c.         Hypothalamus

d.                   Cerebral cortex

 

10.  Which is not one of the three functions of a neuron?

            a.         Respond to chemical and physical stimuli

            b.         Conduct impulse

            c.         Release chemical regulators

            d.         Flex muscles

 

11.              Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating vital involuntary functions?

    1. The cerebellum
    2. The medulla
    3. The cerebrum
    4. The thalamus

 

12.              Which of the following is not a function of a neuron?

    1. Respond to chemical and physical stimuli
    2. Conduct impulses
    3. Remove specific pathogens
    4. Release chemical regulators

 

13.              Which of the following is characterized by conducting impulses away from the central nervous system to the effecter organ?

    1. Motor neuron
    2. Sensory neuron
    3. Antigen
    4. Interneuron

 

14.              _____________ are the components of a neuron that receives stimuli through receptors, initiating nerve impulse. 

    1. Dendrites
    2. Axons
    3. Synapses
    4. Neurotransmitters

 

15.              Which of the following statements is not true about glial cells?

    1. Glial cells are generally smaller than neurons, are approximately 10-50 times as numerous, and make up more than half the weight of the nervous system.
    2. Glial cells and neurons do not retain the capacity to divide in the adult vertebrate.
    3. Some glial cells act to support the neurons by filling the spaces between their cell bodies and coating the surfaces of the CNS and blood vessels in the brain.
    4. Glial cells can provide nutrients and growth factors to neurons and removes wastes. 

 

 

16.              A runner chooses to move when he hears the starter’s pistol.  This is an example of:

    1. Involuntary control
    2. Reflexive control
    3. Voluntary control
    4. Nervous control

 

17.              The human peripheral nervous system includes how many pairs of cranial nerves?

    1. 2
    2. 12
    3. 50
    4. 64

 

18.              The senses of sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch are experienced in which part of the brain?

    1. Cerebrum
    2. Cerebellum
    3. Thalamus
    4. Hypothalamus

 

19.              In a vertebrate, the optic lobe is part of which division of the brain?

    1. Outerbrain
    2. Forebrain
    3. Hindbrain
    4. Midbrain

 

20.           Primates and what other vertebrates have dramatically larger and more complex cerebral cortices than any other vertebrate?

    1. Elephant
    2. Porpoise
    3. Horse
    4. Goose

 

  1. How many nerve cells are in the brain?

a.                   100 million

b.                  1 billion

c.                   1 trillion

d.                  100 billion

 

  1. The cerebrum contains
    1. the thalamus and hypothalamus
    2. the meninges
    3. the pituitary gland
    4. A and B
    5. A and C

ab.       A, B, and C

 

  1. The potential of the membrane when it is not transmitting an impulse is called the neuron’s:

a.         electric potential

b.                  resting potential

c.                   action potential

d.                  transmission potential

 

  1. Ions that aid in creating a potential in a plasma membrane are

a.         Na+ and K+

b.                  Na- and K+

c.                   Na+ and K-

d.                  Na- and K-

 

  1. Molecular evolution of the nervous system is most directly evidenced by
    1. changes in types of neurotransmitters
    2. the presence or absence of glial cells
    3. dendrites in the purkinje cells
    4. the presence or absence of ganglia

 

 

26.  ________ is a change in the environment that causes an organism to respond.

 

a.  A disturbance                                  c.  An effector

b.  A noise                                d.  A stimuli

 

27.  Which part of a neuron carries the impulses away from the cell body?

 

a.  dendrite                               c.  stimuli

b.  axon                                                d.  effector

 

28.  Which system is broken down into the somatic system and the autonomic system?

 

a.  CNS                                               c.  Motor system

b.  PNS                                                d.  Sensory system

 

29.  What are neurotransmitters?

 

a.  Small electrical messages sent through the brain. 

b.  Chemical messengers that transmit nerve impulses.

c.  Small electrical messages sent from the spinal chord throughout the body

d. Chemical messengers that transmit nerve impulses only in the brain. 

 

30. Parasympathethic Nervous System does followings except:

 

  1. Heart beats faster
  2. Absorbs glucose from bloodsteam
  3. Synthesizes glycogen
  4. Constrict air passages

 

31. Ability to judge spatial relationships and imaginative or creative thinking involves:

 

  1. Left hemispheres
  2. Right hemispheres
  3. Meninges
  4. Medulla
  5. Cerebellum

 

32. What is true about glial cells?

 

  1. They are 100-250 times as numerous than most other neurons.
  2. They retain the capacity to divide in the adult vertebrate
  3. Make up less than ¼ the weight of the nervous system
  4. Also called medulla

 

33. Presynaptic cell is:

 

  1. Cell that receives the impulse from synapse
  2. Cell that conducts electricity for electrical impulses that can travel directly across the synapse
  3. Cell that triggers electrical impulse
  4. Cell that carries the electrical impulse to synapse

 

34. Autonomic nervous system is divided into:

 

  1. Brain and spinal cord
  2. Sensory and motor division
  3. Sympathetic and parasympathetic division
  4. Central and peripheral nervous system

 

35.____________ receive stimuli and conduct impulses toward the cell body.

    1. Dendrites
    2. Axons
    3. Nuclei
    4. Meninges

 

36. The __________________ is responsible for skeletal muscle contraction.

    1. Sympathetic system
    2. Autonomic nervous system
    3. Parasympathetic system
    4. Somatic nervous system

 

37.The ____________ mainly coordinates contractions of the skeletal muscles.

a.       Cortex

b.      Meninges

c.       Cerebellum

d.      Brain stem

 

38.What is the level at which the impulse is triggered?

a.       Threshold

b.      Myelin sheath

c.       Axon

d.      Synapse

 

39.What part of the brain is used to maintain your balance of the body?

  1. Cerebrum
  2. Cerebellum
  3. Thalamus
  4. Hypothalamus

 

40.When you’re dealing with anger, what part of your brain are you using?

  1. Meninges
  2. Medulla
  3. Frontal Lobe
  4. Gray Matter

 

41.The Sympathetic Nervous System initiates _________________ reactions?

  1. sink or swim
  2. fight or flight
  3. win or lose
  4. tired and drowsy

 

42.If you react to a stimulus before the message is received in your brain, this is a ___?

  1. reflex arc
  2. malfunction
  3. immunity
  4. antigen

 

43.The Central Nervous System is made up of __________ and ______________?

  1. brain and arms
  2. peripheral nerves and arms
  3. brain and spinal cord
  4. spinal cord and arms

 

44.The molecule that pours into the neuron because of an impulse is _______________?

  1. potassium
  2. water
  3. oxygen
  4. sodium

 

45.This part of the Nervous System reduces an animal’s readiness for action, slows the heart, and stimulates homeostatic activities.

    1. The Homeostatic system
    2. The Sympathetic system
    3. The Somatic Nervous System
    4. The Autonomic Nervous system
    5. The Parasympathetic system

 

46.The Cerebellum is located under the _______ and coordinates the contraction of ___________.

    1. Cerebrum, skeletal muscles
    2. Hypothalamus, skeletal muscles
    3. Cerebrum, Involuntary muscles
    4. The Cerebral cortex, the heart
    5. Meninges, the motor neurons

 

47.The Postsynaptic cell receives these after the sodium channel chain has opened a calcium channel in the plasma membrane at the synaptic terminal to open in the pre-synaptic cell and release them.

a. Sodium

b. Calcium

c.  Plasma

d.  Neurotransmitters

e.  Dendrites

 

48.What do psychoactive drugs alter in terms of the nervous system?

a. Reduce nerve impulse transmissions

b. Inhibit synaptic transmissions

c. Increase alertness and activity but lead to a period of depression

d. Effect Psychological process, they alter synaptic transmission by modifying/blocking synthesis/release/uptake of neurotransmitters

e. All of the above

 

49.  What bathes the central nervous system?

 

a.       the cranium

b.      the cerebrospinal fluid

c.       the circulatory system

d.      nothing

 

50.  ________ are the space between Schwann cells.

 

  1. Nodes of Ranvier
  2. glial cells
  3. synapses
  4. meninges

 

51.  Ganglia form in the ________.

 

  1. brain
  2. spinal chord
  3. cerebellum
  4. PNS

 

52.  Pain is felt in the ________.

 

  1. sensory division
  2. the part of the body hurt
  3. sympathetic system
  4. brain

 

53.  For and impulse to be carried, it must be ________.

 

  1. fast
  2. above the threshold level
  3. detected by many neurons
  4. stronger than any other impulses present

 

54.A change in the environment that causes an organism to respond is called

a.   sensory

b.      stimulus

c.       cell body

d.      neuron

 

55._______ is a bundle of axons.

    1. Cell body
    2. Sensory
    3. Axon bundle
    4. Nerve

 

56.______ system enables an organism to react to stimuli.

    1. Sensory
    2. Nerve
    3. Voluntary
    4. Motor

 

57.The muscles in the legs can also be called.

    1. Effectors
    2. Dendrites
    3. Nerves
    4. Neurons

 

_________________________________________________________________

           

I). Creativity and abstract thought

            II). Mathematics and analytical skills

            III). Right side of the body

            IV). Left side of the body

            V). None of the above

58. (Refer to above choices) The left hemisphere of the brain controls

a). IV               b). III               c). II, IV, V                  d). II, III                       e). II

59. (Refer to above choices) The right hemisphere of the brain controls

a). I, IV            b). II                c). II, III                       d). V                            e). I, V

60.  (Refer to above choices) The corpus collasum controls

a). II                 b). V                c). I, II                         d). III                           e). IV

61. Protective membrane covering the brain is known as the

  1. cerebrum
  2. meninges
  3. myelin sheath
  4.  ganglia
  5. dendrites

 

 

62.What is the order (from the biggest to the smallest) of the divisions of the nervous system?

I.                    Sympathetic Division

II.                 Peripheral Nervous System

III.               Motor Division

IV.              Autonomic Nervous System

a.       II, IV, III, I

b.      II, I, III, IV

c.       II, III, I, IV

d.      II, III, IV, I

e.       II, I, IV, III

 

63.A man, John “G-money” Smith, decided to go out jogging. As he exercised for a longer and longer amount of time, his heartbeat rises. The example of this rise of his heartbeat is an example of:

a.       voluntary control

b.      involuntary control

c.       a reflex

d.      the somatic division

e.       the sensory division

 

64.Taking a high-level math course would be an example of using primarily what part of the brain?

a.       meninges

b.      cerebrum

c.       cerebellum

d.      left hemisphere

e.       right hemisphere

 

65. A reflex is best described as which of the following:

a.       an automatic, involuntary response to a stimulus

b.      a voluntary response to a stimulus

c.       a stimulus that causes an involuntary response

d.      a stimulus that causes a voluntary response

e.       a form of potential energy

 

66.The _________ system is responsible for skeletal muscle contractions, which are mostly voluntary.

    1. sympathetic
    2. parasympathetic
    3. autonomic nervous system
    4. somatic nervous system

 

67.The job of the hypothalamus is to:

a.       Maintain homeostasis in the body.

b.      Process incoming signals and direct them to different parts of the brain.

c.       Secrete hormones into the body.

d.      Perform vital, involuntary bodily functions.

 

68.Which type of lymphocyte is responsible for triggering cell-mediated and antibody-mediated responses in the body?

a.    B-Cells

a.       Helper T-Cells

b.      Killer T-Cells

c.       R-Cells

 

 

 

 

 

 

answer key:

1)      A

2)      B

3)      C

4)      B

5)      B

6)      A

7)      C

8)      B

9)      C

10)  D

11)  B

12)  C

13)  A

14)  A

15)  B

16)  C

17)  B

18)  A

19)  D

20)  B

21)  D

22)  E

23)  B

24)  A

25)  C

26)  D

27)  B

28)  C

29)  B

30)  A

31)  B

32)  B

33)  D

34)  C

35)  A

36)  D

37)  C

38)  A

39)  B

40)  C

41)  B

42)  A

43)  C

44)  D

45)  E

46)  A

47)  D

48)  D

49)  B

50)  A

51)  D

52)  D

53)  B

54)  B

55)  D

56)  D

57)  A

58)  D

59)  A

60)  B

61)  B

62)  D

63)  B

64)  D

65)  A

66)  D

67)  A

68)  B

 

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