Guided Reading Campbell, 5th edition Chapter 45

Chemical Signals in Animals/Endocrine Systm

1.    Read page 893-894
       Identify:    hormone

                        target cells

                        endocrine glands

                        neurosecretory cells   

2.    Read pages 895-896
        Define local regulator (see figure 11.3a for a review)
   
        Choose an example of a local regulator and describe
            its source

            its target

            its action

3.    Read Most chemical signals... and Steriod hormones ... pages 896-898.
        Explain the difference in the signal mechanism for most chemical signals  (hint:
         review signal-transduction, Ch 11) and the mechanism for steroid hormones.
        (see figure 45.5)

4.    Study figure 45.6 to get a general understanding of the anatomy of the
        human endocrine system.
            What organ is the Hypothalamus a part of?
           
             What gland is attached to the Hypothalamus?

            What organs are the adrenal glands attached to?

 5.    Study table 45.1
        Read the names of the glands and their hormones with the goal of familiarizing
         yourself. Do not attempt to memorize this table. Here are some things to notice:

        What does the general function of the Hypothalamus appear to be?

        Which gland produces the greatest number of hormones?
       
        Why are most of the pituitary hormones called tropic hormones?

        Are most hormones proteinaceous or steroid?

        Which glands produce steroid hormones?

6.     Check the glossary for the definition of negative feedback.

7.    Study figure 45.9
        Explain how negative feedback regulates the production of thyroid hormones.

        Why would an iodine deficiency lead to an enlarged thyroid gland (goiter)

        Many adults  experience problems of overactive or underactive thyroid.
        Read about the vital role the thyroid  plays in homeostasis of metabolism,
        page 903-904

8.   Study figures 45.10 to understand the control of calcium homeotasis

 9.    Study figure  41.1 to understand the regulation of cellular fuel (glucose)

10.    Study figure 45.15 to understand how the adrenal gland controls short term 
           and long term responses to stress.

10.  Read the review of key concepts pg 910-911.


The big ideas: (Remember, these may be repetitive. They are meant to help you 
        see the same information from several points of view

 11.    Provide an example from each of the following aspects that confirms the close
            relationship of the endocrine system and the nervous system:
                  hormones

                   regulation of physiological processes

                    feedback

12.     Use examples from the endocrine system to explain feedback control

13.    Use examples from the endocrine system to demonstrate homeostasis